Charging and Battery-Swapping Solutions: DC charging piles, AC charging piles, mobile charging robots, chargers, electric bicycle charging stations, V2G charging piles, megawatt‑class charging piles, battery‑swapping cabinets, charging bows, charging stacks, ultra‑fast charging piles, wireless charging, solar‑storage‑charging systems, hydrogen‑fuel‑cell charging piles, energy‑storage charging piles, and community‑level charging solutions

Charging and Battery-Swapping Operators: Small and medium‑sized operators, private‑sector operators, energy‑sector operators, grid operators, automotive manufacturers’ operators, urban investment companies, transportation investment companies, construction investment companies, energy investment companies, heavy‑truck battery‑swapping operators, passenger‑car battery‑swapping operators, destination‑charging operators, and solar‑storage‑charging operators

Charging Piles and Associated Components: Charging modules, power supply modules, charging pile enclosures (made of SMC material, sheet metal, or plastic), PCB boards, TCU (billing units), charging guns, displays, relays, chips, thermally conductive silicone materials, conformal coatings, touchscreens, connectors, cables, wire harnesses, fuses, circuit breakers, power switches, smart meters, charging software systems, cooling fans, testing equipment (including charging and aging tests), insulation‑testing modules, communication modules, lightning‑protection devices, charging‑pile canopies, charging‑pile monitoring systems, and advertising screens for charging piles, among others

Supporting Infrastructure Solutions: Transformer substations, inverters, transformers, charging cabinets, discharging equipment, distribution cabinets, filtering devices, parking locks, security surveillance systems, high‑ and low‑voltage protection devices, converters, fire‑extinguishing systems, massage chairs, air conditioners, self‑service car washes, vending machines, insurance services, and more

Charging Infrastructure Construction and Operation Solutions: Charging‑pile construction, SaaS platforms, operation and maintenance service providers, as well as on‑board power supplies, power batteries, on‑board chargers, capacitors, photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic system integration, energy‑storage batteries, and battery management systems

Battery‑Swapping Stations: Commercial‑vehicle battery‑swapping stations (for taxis, heavy trucks, and logistics vehicles), private‑car battery‑swapping stations, battery‑swapping cabinets, battery‑swapping equipment, swappable battery racks, gantry structures for battery‑swapping stations, battery‑swapping robots, swappable batteries, containerized units, battery‑swapping modules, switching mechanisms, lifting devices, meters, battery‑swapping systems/platforms, visual inspection and positioning systems, monitoring systems, charging piles, elevators, vehicle‑tire positioning devices, BMS, pallets, swapped vehicles, the entire process of swapping—whether single‑side, double‑side, or fully automated—and AGV‑based battery swapping

Energy‑Storage Power Stations and EPC Projects: Grid‑side energy storage, power‑source‑side energy storage, generation‑side energy storage, user‑side energy storage, microgrids, distributed energy resources, smart energy solutions, the energy internet, home‑based energy storage systems, solar‑storage‑charging solutions, PCS energy‑storage inverters, temperature‑control systems, energy‑storage containers, fire‑protection systems, energy‑storage batteries, virtual power plants, electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen‑based energy storage, mechanical energy storage, compressed‑air energy storage, and thermal energy storage